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In GMAT proportion problems, treat ratios as relationships, not fixed values. For A:B = 1:3, write A = k and B = 3k. Adjust changes, set the new ratio, and solve for k. Substitute back for required expressions. Mind signs and bases to avoid errors.
Proportion questions often puzzle students because they appear simple at first glance, yet a hidden detail makes all the difference. The key lies in understanding that a ratio like A:B = 1:3 does not mean A equals 1 and B equals 3. It means that A and B share this relationship in multiples, whether large or small, positive or negative. Recognizing this is the foundation for solving proportion-based problems quickly and accurately. A favorite GMAT style involves adjusting A and B by certain values and then equating them to a new ratio. Once expressed in terms of a constant, such questions become straightforward to solve. This clarity can be mastered with consistent GMAT prep and sharpened further through GMAT practice tests. When students train themselves to spot the underlying constant and work with it logically, they eliminate confusion and solve problems with confidence under time pressure.
Proportion questions are built on the principle of equating two different ratios. They often test whether you can correctly interpret what a ratio truly represents.
For instance, if A:B = 1:3, it does not mean A equals 1 and B equals 3. Rather, it means A and B can be expressed as A = K and B = 3K, where K is a constant.
This constant can take any value, positive or negative, large or small, but it remains common to both A and B.
Question: A:B = 1:3. When A is increased by 20 and B is decreased by 40, the ratio becomes 1:4. What is the value of 2A + 3B?
Substituting A = K and B = 3K makes the problem easy.
A increased by 20 and B decreased by 40, changing their ratio to 1:4.
The new equation becomes (K + 20)/(3K – 40) = 1/4.
Solving this gives K = –120.
From there, as the question asks for 2A + 3B, substitute back to get 2K + 9K = 11K.
With K = –120, the answer is –1320.
The trick is to never confuse ratio values with actual numbers. By expressing elements as multiples of a common constant, you gain full control of the problem. With steady practice, such reasoning becomes second nature, giving you a significant advantage on time-sensitive problems.
Proportion is a quiet reminder that progress grows when parts stay in balance. You choose a base, scale with care, and let each piece carry its fair share. Life asks the same discipline. Give time to study, rest, and reflection. Give attention to people and to purpose. When a ratio feels off, you adjust the constant and try again. This gentle habit protects judgment under pressure and keeps effort honest. The same balance builds strong applications in MBA admissions and scholarships. Align goals, evidence, and voice. Let numbers and stories support each other, and step forward with calm, measured confidence.
